Epigenetic Changes in Cancer

Distinctive cancer-associated patterns of CpG island hypermethylation are tumor type-specific and contribute decisively to the origin and development of human cancer.

The Skin Gun

Scientists have invented a ballistic new way to treat burns and skin abrasions – shoot them with a stem cell gun. The gun – a sterile syringe that loads into a spraying nozzle – releases a patient’s own stem cells, generated from a piece of healthy skin, which can immediately begin repairing the skin. Amazing [...]

Largest animal genome discovered

Scientists have sequenced the entire genome of Daphnia pulex, a small crustacean commonly used as a model organism for basic biological function studies, and revealed the largest number of genes of any animal genome. The paper, published last week in Science, reports that Daphnia has a total of 30,907 genes, significantly more than the 23,000 [...]

90 retractions coming?

Nearly 100 papers might be pulled from the literature because they didn’t receive proper institutional approval, according to Retraction Watch. Joachim Boldt, former head of anesthesia at the Klinikum Ludwigshafen in Germany, was fired last year after suspicions were raised about one 2009 Anesthesia & Analgesia paper that appeared to be based on research that [...]

News in a nutshell

Vaccines prevent cancer? Some vaccinations routinely given to children, such as those for hepatitis B and polio, may lower the risk of certain cancers, like leukemia. Comparing 2,800 cases of childhood cancer in Texas to more than 10,000 healthy individuals, researchers found that children born in counties where the hep B vaccine was common were [...]

Q&A: Alzheimer’s trial disconnect

While preclinical studies identify ways to prevent Alzheimer’s disease in animals, human trials test these same therapies in symptomatic patients — long after they are most likely to be effective

Mom’s blood carries fetus genome

A complete copy of the fetal genome exists in the mother’s blood, suggesting many prenatal diagnoses could be performed noninvasively

Evolving the Scientific Method

Science is our most potent invention because it has given us a method to keep reinventing it. All our collective knowledge and expertise (that’s science) began with relatively simple arrangements of information. The simplest organization was the invention of the fact. Facts became codified not by science, but by the European legal system in the 1500s. In court lawyers had to establish agreed-upon observations as evidence that could not shift later. Science adopted this useful innovation. Over time, the novel ways in which knowledge could be ordered increased. This complex apparatus for determining the factual correctness of information, and relating it to old knowledge, is what we call science.

The Undruggables

Can young biotechs chasing elusive drug targets succeed where so many have failed? They think so.

Jawless evolution explained

A new genetic analysis tips the scales to one side of a long-term debate on the evolution of jawless vertebrates [Published 18th October 2010 08:00 PM GMT] Genetic evidence is laying to rest a long-standing argument over the evolution of jawless vertebrates — hagfish and lampreys — and providing insights regarding the common ancestor of [...]

The Gates of Immortality

Did biology evolve a way to protect offspring from the ravages of aging by creating a physical barrier that separates the parent from its young? he idea that every organism must age was a concept that surprised many biologists. For a long time, aging was thought to be a process occurring only in multicellular organisms. [...]

Green-thumbed biotechs say they can use plants to make drugs faster, cheaper, and better than top pharmaceutical companies

Botanical Biopharming In 2001, ProdiGene was a poster child for the plant biotechnology industry. A privately owned biotech in College Station, Texas, ProdiGene was the first to successfully commercialize a product made from a transgenic plant—a protein called trypsin produced in corn kernels and sold to the pharmaceutical industry for mammalian cell culturing. They also [...]

Cell+phone

Ozcan’s lensfree cell phone microscope The seeds for electrical engineer Aydogan Ozcan’s latest invention—a lensless microscope that can spot pathogens in blood and water samples in remote areas with no access to other imaging technology—were planted in the shadows. Ozcan first had the idea for lensfree imaging as he sat alone in his lab experimenting [...]

Surprise breast cancer source

Some breast cancer tumors may not originate from stem cells as previously believed, according to a study published in the September 3rd issue of Cell Stem Cell. The discovery is an important step in the development of treatments for these cancers. BRCA1 structure Image: Wikimedia commons, Lijealso “Understanding the origins of these types of breast [...]

Top 7 papers in neuroscience

#1 Neurons complete hippocampus loop There’s a new, important function for a once-obscure cell population in the brain: CA2 pyramidal neurons, a subset of cells in the hippocampus, form a link between electrical inputs and outputs in the hippocampus. V. Chevaleye et al., “Strong CA2 pyramidal neuron synapses define a powerful disynaptic cortico-hippocampal loop,” Neuron, [...]

‘Identical’ cells? Not so much

Genetically identical cells may be far more different than previously believed. Published this week in Science, researchers find striking variation in levels of gene expression among individual, genetically identical E. coli, seemingly the result of simple chance. “The paper is quite rich,” said Sanjay Tyagi, a molecular biologist at New Jersey Medical School who was [...]

New lab-grown lungs

Two new lab-grown versions of lungs may one day serve as a way to sidestep both animal testing and organ transplantation. Image: Wikimedia commons, Patrick J. Lynch One engineered rat lung, described in Science Express today (June 24), even successfully helped rats breathe for brief periods. “This is the first ever published paper that really [...]

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